The 39 power systems classes listed above are part of this Power Distribution series. When you click on the name of the class that you are interested in, you will be taken to the course catalog of Online SchoolRoom. Once there, you can click on the class you desire and it will give you a brief description and/or outline of that class.
We've helped most of the world's best-known power and energy organizations maximize their efficiencies and enhance their training performance including PacifiCorp, Southern Company, Sierra Pacific, Tennessee Valley Authority, FirstEnergy Corporation, Florida Power & Light, Orion Power, Duke Energy, MidAmerican Energy, Energy Corporation and Puget Sound Energy.
OnlineSchoolRoom power systems courses are totally interactive using "Flash" featuring interactive characters and full audio. There is no waiting on slow, read-only pages. Student may log in and out of the course at will from any computer with appropriate capability. Student may take a portion of the course, bookmark it and resume the class late
Power Systems - Power Distribution Online Training -
Since 1971, Online SchoolRoom/360training has provided technical skills training to the electric power industry around the globe. Over 1300 power systems programs in 39 competency areas of transmission, distribution and generation are offered in multiple languages and mediums to improve your plant operations, profitability and productivity. Our courses have received recognition from the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC).
POWER DISTRIBUTION SAMPLE COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
POWER SYSTEMS ONLINE TRAINING COURSES
The objective of this power systems module is to present and discuss the main features related to distribution system layout, including various means of providing continuity of service and alternative sources of supply. On conclusion of this module, the participant should be able to understand the following concepts, and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• The function of the distribution system
• Elements of a simple distribution system
• The source of power supply to the distribution system
• Single, double and multiple in-feeds to the distribution system
• The sub-transmission system (also known as high-voltage distribution)
• Primary feeder layout
• Branch circuits (lateral circuits)
• Typical transmission, sub-transmission, and primary distribution voltage levels
• The functions of transmission, sub-transmission, and primary distribution
• The function of distribution transformers
• Radial operation of primary feeders
• The primary loop with normally open tie
• Classification of customers
• Feed to high voltage customers (at sub-transmission and primary feeder voltages)
• Distribution transformer connections to provide 3-phase supply
• Distribution transformer connections to provide single phase supply
• Single-phase 3-wire supply (with centre tapped neutral)
• Connecting to a secondary main
• The need for continuity of service
• Alternate primary feeds ?"the primary selective system"
• Alternative feeds ?"secondary selective system"
• The secondary spot network with distribution transformers in parallel
• Definition of temporary faults and permanent faults
• Operation of the feeder circuit breaker in response to the reclosing relay for temporary, and permanent faults
• The combination of branch line fuses and the reclosing relay under temporary and permanent fault conditions
• Operation of the mechanical recloser under fault conditions
• Operation of the sectionalizer under fault conditions
• Information required by the operator, i.e. circuit diagrams, protection diagrams, area maps, and wall diagrams
The objective of this power systems module is to demonstrate and discuss the features of overhead distribution systems. After completion of this module, and associated workbook, the participant should be able to understand the following concepts, and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• Advantages and disadvantages of overhead construction
• The use of bare conductors and covered conductors
• Conductor supports i.e. lattice towers, steel, concrete and wood poles
• Conductor support arrangements on wood poles
• Types of insulators
• Multiple circuits on poles
• Mounting equipment on poles
• The need for guy wires
• Grounding the neutral conductor
• The characteristics of copper and aluminium conductors (ACSR)
• Standard conductor sizes (AWG)
• "Circular mil" units of measuring conductor and strand sizes
• Manufacturer’s tables for solid and stranded conductors indicating weight tensile strength, and ohmic resistance
• The use of ampacity tables to indicate conductor current limits
• The effect of conductor material, ambient temperature, wind velocity, and current flow on ampacity
• Factors affecting line sag, including conductor tension, conductor weight, ice loading, ambient temperature, wind velocity, and conductor current
• Primary feed arrangements between the distribution bus and the primary feeder
• Line dead end support
• Line taps to feed customers from primary feeder
• Connections to primary terminals of distribution transformers
• Secondary wiring arrangements to customer’s service entrance
The objective of this power systems module is to demonstrate and discuss the main features of underground distribution systems, including typical arrangements for rural, suburban and city areas. After completion of this module, the participant should understand the following concepts, and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• Construction of different types of underground cables
• Features of solid dielectric cables
• Features of paper insulated lead covered cables
• The purpose of the conductor shield and insulation shield
• Single conductor cables and three conductor cables
• The single conductor cable with concentric neutral
• Features of cable splices and cable terminations
• Underground residential distribution
• Direct buried primary and secondary cables
• Pad mounted transformers and switchgear
• The open loop arrangement
• The application of elbow disconnects
• The application of flexible ducts to protect direct buried cables
• Secondary circuit connecting points, i.e. hand holes and pedestals
• Protection for URD primary feeder, distribution transformer, secondary underground cable, and customer’s circuits
• The application of fault indicators
• Underground cable ampacity
• Underground supply to concentrated loads
• Alternate supply arrangements
• Underground distribution in city downtown areas
• The application of ducts and manholes beneath street level
• Transformer vaults
• Circuit identification
• Other underground services requiring co-ordination
• High rise distribution feeders (primary risers)
• The spot network to provide uninterruptible supply to critical loads
• The downtown secondary grid
• Function of the network protector
• Secondary cable faults
The objective of this power systems module is to examine the major functions of distribution substations, including different arrangements of substation layout. Typical bus configurations are presented along with a look at the equipment usually installed in substations. After completion of this module, the participant should be able to understand the following concepts and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• The role of the substation, i.e. link between the high voltage system and distribution customers
• Operating activities performed in the substation
• Substation bus arrangements; high voltage and low voltage
• Single feed and dual feed substations
• Dual transformer substations
• The use of mobile transformers
• Metal clad switchgear arrangements
• Substation local and remote operation
• Switching devices used in the substation
• Features of the circuit breaker
• Types of quenching medium used in circuit breakers
• Switching procedures
• Location of protection relays in substations
• Characteristics of the basic disconnect switch (non-load break)
• The application of disconnect switches in clearance procedures
• The interruption of line charging current and transformer excitation current
• Discharging static voltage to ground, and applying temporary grounds
• Application of the fused disconnect combination
• Substation equipment
• Station service supply to the substation
• Applications of auxiliary power
• DC supply and applications
• The station battery
• Uninterruptible power supplies
• The application of instrument transformers; i.e. CTs (current transformers) and PTs (potential transformers)
• Handling monitoring data
• Communicating monitored data to the system control center via the SCADA system
• Voltage control equipment; i.e. automatic tap changers and capacitor banks
• The substation-grounding mat
• Grounding of metallic equipment, enclosures, and structures
• Connection of other system grounds; i.e. the neutral point of Wye connected transformers
• Unattended substations
The objective of this power systems module is to examine reasons why generating plant is increasingly being connected to the distribution system. Different types of customer owned co-generation plants, and independent power producers are presented and attention is drawn to problems of dispatching and control of this distributed generation. On completion of this video and associated workbook, the participant should be able to understand the following concepts and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• Distributed generation (also known as dispersed generation) may be owned by different entities such as:
1. Customers? self-generation plants
2. Independent power producers
3. The distribution company itself
• Modes of self generation:
1. Stand-by power
2. In-house generation to meet in-house demand
3. Excess generation for sale back to the distribution company
• The price factor, i.e. self-generation versus purchased power
• The economy of co-generation plants
• Justification for the utility’s stand-by charge
• The purpose of the IPP
• Advantages to the distribution company of self-owned generating plant connected to the distribution system
• Features of different types of generation, i.e. small hydro generators, reciprocating engines, gas turbines, steam turbines, combined cycle
• Features of new evolving generation technologies
• Limitations of generation from new technologies
• Limitations of generation from co-gen sources
• Co-ordination between system protection and distributed generator protection
The objective of this power systems module is to present the main features of operation and construction of distribution substation transformers. Note that the fundamental concepts of the transformer were discussed in module 4 of this series. After completion of this module, the participant should be able to understand the following topics, and apply them in day-to-day work practice.
• The basic construction and physical arrangement of the oil filed transformer
• Sources of heat generated in a loaded transformer; i.e. iron loss and copper loss
• Cooling arrangements: ONAN, ONAF, OFAF
• The significance of transformer cooling on its rated capacity
• The reason for constructing the iron core of laminated sheets
• Arrangements to accommodate the change in volume of transformer oil under load changes
• Function of the conservator tank
• Nitrogen capped transformers
• Transformer insulation
• The significance of BIL (Basic Impulse Insulation Level)
• Transformer terminal connections
• Three-phase configurations
• The Delta/Wye phase shift
• Winding polarity
• The effect of overloading on the transformer life
• The effects of ambient temperature and pre-loading conditions on transformer overload capacity
• The effect of high magnitude fault currents near to the transformer
• Transformer short circuit capability
• Transformer protection; i.e. built-in devices, and external relays and protection schemes
• Transformer excitation current
• The effect of transformer in-rush current
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The objective of “System Control” is to bring about an orderly flow of power from the generating source to the load (power consumer) while maintaining the utmost level of safety, reliability and stability throughout the system.
This course discusses the requirements and procedures of “System Control” and the relationships of these requirements and procedures to applicable NERC Standards.
TOPICS COVERED:
- Interconnection Principles
- Measuring Generation Control Performance
- Transmission System Reliability
- Islanding and Restoration
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This module stresses information dealing with a number of issues related to the transfer of energy on the power system as well as the background necessary to fully understand interchange schedules that result from transaction tags established by PSEs.
During the latter portions of the course, you will review the provisions of NERC Standard IRO-004 which deals with planning for system operation during both normal and emergency conditions and during system restoration. Finally, you will review NERC’s requirements for reliability coordinators as set out in Standard EOP-006.
TOPICS COVERED:
- Interchange Transactions and Tagging
- Reliability Operations Planning
- Reliability Coordinator Procedures
States Served:
Alabama Ala. AL
Alaska Alaska AK
American Samoa AS
Arizona Ariz. AZ
Arkansas Ark. AR
California Calif. CA
Colorado Colo. CO
Connecticut Conn. CT
Delaware Del. DE
Dist. of Columbia D.C. DC
Florida Fla. FL
Georgia Ga. GA
Guam Guam GU
Hawaii Hawaii HI
Idaho Idaho ID
Illinois Ill. IL
Indiana Ind. IN
Iowa Iowa IA
Kansas Kans. KS
Kentucky Ky. KY
Louisiana La. LA
Maine Maine ME
Maryland Md. MD
Marshall Islands MH
Massachusetts Mass. MA
Michigan Mich. MI
Micronesia FM
Minnesota Minn. MN
Mississippi Miss. MS
Missouri Mo. MO
Montana Mont. MT
Nebraska Nebr. NE
Nevada Nev. NV
New Hampshire N.H. NH
New Jersey N.J. NJ
New Mexico N.M. NM
New York N.Y. NY
North Carolina N.C. NC
North Dakota N.D. ND
Northern Marianas MP
Ohio Ohio OH
Oklahoma Okla. OK
Oregon Ore. OR
Palau PW
Pennsylvania Pa. PA
Puerto Rico P.R. PR
Rhode Island R.I. RI
South Carolina S.C. SC
South Dakota S.D. SD
Tennessee Tenn. TN
Texas Tex. TX
Utah Utah UT
Vermont Vt. VT
Virginia Va. VA
Virgin Islands V.I. VI
Washington Wash. WA
West Virginia W.Va. WV
Wisconsin Wis. WI
Wyoming Wyo. WY
Power systems, power distribution, electricity distribution, electric power distribution